Contemporary African Christian Art
During the twentieth century, though little noticed by most observers, the Christian demographic in Africa exploded from 9.5 million in 1900, to over 400 million…
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Lattier, Christian (1925–1978)
Christian Lattier, nicknamed the “bare-handed sculptor” by art historian Yacouba Konaté, was among the pioneers of modern art in Côte d’Ivoire. His success was formally…
Intellectual Currents
This section focusses on the historical, sociological, philosophical, economic, political, and scientific context of modernism. Entries cover individuals, coteries, movements, and events. The primary criterion…
Constructivism
Prior to World War II, Constructivism attracted little interest from British artists apart from the few involved with Circle in 1937. Circle consisted of a…
Surrealism Overview
Soupault’s publication of Manifeste du Surréalism in 1924. Rising in the wake of the First World War, Surrealism revolted against a world that had become…
Modernism in Europe
We are living in a very singular moment of history. It is a moment of crisis, in the literal sense of that word. In every…
Cubism [REVISED AND EXPANDED]
Cubism is an art movement that emerged in Paris during the first decade of the 20th century. It was a key movement in the birth…
Modernism in South Asia
In South Asia, a certain haziness regarding modernism and modernity derives not only from the manner in which they can be elided with each other,…
Modern Belly Dance
References to dances of the East have appeared in Western sources at least since the beginning of the Christian era, yet what has become known…
Alienation
From the Christian doctrine of original sin, through G. W. F. Hegel’s conception of freedom, and the situated subject of existentialist thought in the wake…
Corm, Georges Daoud (1896–1971)
George Daoud Corm was a painter and francophone poet dedicated to Christian ethics and the classical tradition of European Humanism. He attended the Ecole Nationale…
Hsiao Chin (Xiao Qin) [蕭勤] (1935--)
Hsiao Chin is an abstract painter who was born in Shanghai, China, to an affluent Christian family. His father Hsiao Yu-mei [蕭友梅] founded the Shanghai…
Lang, Fritz (1890–1976)
Fritz Lang was a film director central to the development of German expressionist cinema and American film noir. Born Friedrich Christian Anton Lang in Vienna,…
KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art
Founded in 1976 by Canadian White Father Claude Boucher, a Christian missionary, the KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art is a non-profit organisation located in…
McTaggart, John McTaggart Ellis (1866–1925)
Cambridge philosopher, metaphysician, and mystic John McTaggart Ellis McTaggart was a key figure in initiating modernist shifts in philosophy by challenging traditional understandings of Christian…
Dilthey, Wilhelm (1833–1911)
Born in Biebrich, Rhineland (now Hesse, Germany), the German philosopher and psychologist Wilhelm Christian Ludwig Dilthey founded the German school of philosophy called Lebensphilosophie (philosophy…
Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844–1900)
Friedrich Nietzsche, the son of a Lutheran minister, was a German philologist, philosopher, and iconoclast. He is best known for his controversial but powerful reevaluation…
Musical Modernism in Bali and Java
Musical modernism was not domesticated within Balinese or Javanese culture to the extent that it was in other parts of Asia. Although a handful of…
Troeltsch, Ernst (1865–1923)
Ernst Troeltsch was a liberal German Protestant theologian and philosopher of religion whose work spans the last decades of the German Empire and the early…
Weston, Jessie (1850–1928)
Jessie Laidlay Weston was a British independent scholar and folklorist best known for her influential study From Ritual to Romance (1920), which sought to trace…
Mauriac, François (1885–1970)
François Mauriac was a French novelist, essayist, poet, playwright and journalist. He was born in Bordeaux, France. He is best known for depicting trenchant psychological…
The New Age
The New Age was a weekly British literary magazine published from 1894 to 1938. Established by Frederick A. Atkins (1864–1940) in October 1894, the New…
Niebuhr, Reinhold (1892–1971)
Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr was an influential pastor and theologian in America. His thought initially centered on liberal pacifism, but it later turned to the…
al-Yāzijī, Nāṣīf (1800–1871)
Nāṣīf al-Yāzijī was a Lebanese writer and philologist who contributed to the Nahḍa (‘awakening’), an intellectual current in the long nineteenth century for the renewal…
Sri Sri (1910–1983)
Srirangam Srinivasa Rao (1910–83), popularly known as Sri Sri, was a widely acclaimed Telugu poet and public personality who championed the cause of oppressed people…