Constructivism
Prior to World War II, Constructivism attracted little interest from British artists apart from the few involved with Circle in 1937. Circle consisted of a…
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Impressionism (Painting)
Impressionism is an artistic movement that flourished in France between 1860 and 1890. The term has been widely adopted around the world to describe artistic…
Surrealism Overview
Soupault’s publication of Manifeste du Surréalism in 1924. Rising in the wake of the First World War, Surrealism revolted against a world that had become…
Symbolism Overview
Symbolism is a late-nineteenth-century literary movement centred mostly around the work of poets such as Stéphane Mallarmé, Arthur Rimbaud, Paul Verlaine, Philippe Villiers de L’Isle-Adam,…
Cubism [REVISED AND EXPANDED]
Cubism is an art movement that emerged in Paris during the first decade of the 20th century. It was a key movement in the birth…
Navya (Kannada)
Literally meaning ‘of the new’, Navya refers to the modernist phase in Kannada literature which began in the 1950s and ran its course by 1980.…
Sacharov, Alexander (1886–1963) and Von Derp, Clotilde (born von der Planitz) (1892–1974)
Alexander Sacharov and Clotilde von Derp formed one of the most celebrated dancing couples of the early 20th century. Born into different cultural contexts and…
Stepanova, Varvara Fedorovna (1894–1958)
Varvara Stepanova was a Russian artist. Although she made her mark as an innovative painter in Moscow exhibitions (1920), Stepanova became particularly well known as…
Parnakh, Valentin Yakovlevich (1891–1951)
Brother of the celebrated poet Sofia Parnok, Valentin Parnakh was a Russo-Soviet dancer, jazz musician, actor, poet, and translator, a mover and shaker of the…
Humphrey, Doris (1895-1958)
In the history of modern dance, Doris Humphrey’s significance traverses performance, choreography, pedagogy, and advocacy for the emerging art form in mid-century America. Her explorations…
Modernism in Malayalam Literature
Although it is difficult to trace the beginnings of modernism in Malayalam literature to a single author or text, there is general agreement about its…
Nsukka School
The Nsukka School, which is named after the University of Nigeria at Nsukka, was a group of artists and faculty members associated with the use…
Bluvshtain (Sela), Rachel (1890–1931)
Rachel Bluvshtain was the most salient and recognizable symbol of Labour Zionism in the 20th century and remains one of the most popular Hebrew poets…
Di Yunge
Di yunge is a group of American Symbolist Yiddish writers and critics that achieved prominence during the first two decades of the twentieth century and…
MacInnes, Colin (1914–1976)
Colin MacInnes was an English novelist, essayist, and radio broadcaster best known for his commentary on popular culture and his series of three novels set…
Ramaswamy, Sundara (1931–2005)
Sundara Ramaswamy spent his early boyhood in Kottayam, Kerala. After his family’s return to Nagercoil in 1939 he lived there until his death. Nagercoil is…
Mukařovský, Jan (1891–1975)
Czech linguist and literary theorist Jan Mukařovský was a leading member of the Prague Linguistic Circle and a prominent contributor to the project of structuralist…
Schmitt, Carl (1888–1985)
A conservative German jurist, political theorist, and Roman Catholic, Schmitt became the most significant legal mind of Weimar and then Nazi Germany. His first major…
Art Deco
Art Deco was the predominant decorative style in Europe and the United States between the World Wars, before spreading internationally and reaching its climax in…
Zelaya Sierra, Pablo (1896–1933)
Pablo Zelaya Sierra was one the earliest Honduran artists to engage in modernist pictorial practices. He was still a teenager when he travelled by foot…
Blok, Aleksander (БЛОК, АЛЕКСАНДР) (1880–1921)
One of Russia’s greatest twentieth-century poets, Aleksander Aleksandrovich Blok (1880–1921) was a representative of the ‘second wave’ of Russian Symbolists. Two books of poetry, Verses…
Murakami, Saburo (村上三郎) (1925–1966)
Saburo Murakami was a member of Group Zero in Japan. This collective was founded by Akira Kanayama, Kazuo Shiraga, and Atsuko Tanaka in 1952, but…
Nijinsky, Vaslav (1889–1950)
Vaslav Nijinsky was a Russian dancer and choreographer of Polish descent. He achieved international renown as the star of Serge Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes Company between…
al-Khāl, Yūsuf (1917–1987)
Yūsuf al-Khāl was a Lebanese poet and writer, born in 1917 in Syria. He graduated in 1944 from the Philosophy Department at the American University…
League of Nations (1919–1946)
The League of Nations (1919–1946) was an intergovernmental organisation formed after World War I to mediate disputes among its member nations through diplomacy and collective…