Bauhaus
In 1919 a young architect named Walter Gropius initiated one of the most modern art schools of the twentieth century in the city of Weimar…
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Architecture Subject Overview
Modernist architecture and design represented a utopian vision of how the built environment could be adapted to the needs to modern industrial society. Industrialization had…
Expressionism
Expressionism was one of the foremost modernist movements to emerge in Europe in the early years of the twentieth-century. It had a profound effect on…
Meyer, Hannes (1889–1954)
Hannes Meyer was a Swiss modernist architect, educator, and the second director of the Bauhaus from 1928 to 1930. He believed that architecture and planning…
Sanabria, Tomás José (1922–2008)
Sanabria is a representative figure of the second generation of 20th-century Venezuelan architects. He studied in the United States of America after World War II…
Duhart, Emilio (1917–2006)
The Chilean architect Emilio Duhart Harosteguy is one of the most recognised modern architects and urban planners in the country. He is especially notable for…
Black Mountain College
Between 1933 and 1957, Black Mountain College served as an unlikely crucible of modernism. Despite its isolated location near Asheville, North Carolina, at various times…
Circle
Circle is a book-length survey of international constructive art, first published in London in 1937. The joint editors and organizers of the parallel Exhibition of…
Moholy-Nagy, László (1895–1946)
Born in Bácsborsód, Hungary, László Moholy-Nagy was one of the most influential teachers, designers, and theoreticians of twentieth-century Modernism. As a professor at the Bauhaus…
Isokon (1931–1939)
Isokon was a British furniture and architectural design company founded in London in 1931. Led by architect Wells Coates and plywood manufacturer Jack Pritchard, Isokon…
Klee, Paul (1879-1940)
Paul Klee was one of the most important and inventive figures in the development of Modernism in the visual arts. The Swiss-German artist's unusual oeuvre…
Neue Sachlichkeit in Architecture
The term Neue Sachlichkeit was coined by Gustav Hartlaub with his exhibition: ‘Neue Sachlichkeit. Deutsche Malerei seit dem Expressionismus’ (New Objectivity. German Painting Since Expressionism)…
Machine-Age Exposition (New York, 1927)
The Machine-AgeExposition took place from 16–28 May 1927 at 119 West 57th Street in Steinway Hall, a commercial space in Manhattan, New York. It exposed…
Pritchard, John Craven (Jack) (1899–1992)
Jack Pritchard was a British furniture manufacturer and design patron who co-founded the Isokon design company in 1931. Under his leadership, Isokon developed mass-produced, standardized…
Teatro da Experiência
Teatro da Experiência was a 275-seat theater housed in the Clube dos Artistas Modernos, a controversial club for ‘modern artists’ in São Paulo (Brazil) that…
Van de Velde, Henry (1863–1957)
Architect and designer Henry van de Velde was born in Antwerp, Belgium, the sixth child in a middle-class family. The influence of Symbolism on his…
Rietveld, Gerrit Thomas (1888-1964)
Gerrit Rietveld was a Dutch furniture designer and architect associated with the avant-garde movement known as De Stijl (The Style). Influenced by the abstract paintings…
Brandt, Marianne (1893–1983)
Best remembered for her metal designs, Marianne Brandt created the small tea extract pot that set a record in 2007 for the highest sum ever…
Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944)
Kandinsky’s commitment to abstraction in painting and theory has attracted the attention of artists and critics throughout the twentieth century. His major manifesto Über des…
Art Deco
Art Deco was the predominant decorative style in Europe and the United States between the World Wars, before spreading internationally and reaching its climax in…
Pick, Frank (1878–1941)
Frank Pick was a design patron and early champion of modernism in Britain. As the head of London Transport, he transformed the company into the…
Coates, Wells Wintemute (1895–1958)
Wells Coates was a Canadian-born architect and industrial designer who became a pioneer of Modernism in Britain. As a founder of the Isokon design company,…
Werfel, Franz (1890–1945)
Franz Viktor Werfel was a Jewish-born Austrian novelist, poet, and playwright best known for his works of historical fiction, including The Forty Days of Musa…
Nazi Modernism
Nazi Modernism is not a contradiction in terms, even if Nazi-era rhetoric and propaganda directed against Entartete Kunst powerfully suggested that this was the case.…
Halprin, Anna (Schuman) (1920--)
A dancer, choreographer, community leader, and educator, Anna Halprin helped to pioneer what she called “experimental dance” in the 1960s. After training with the modern…