Search Results 1 - 25 of 71


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National Socialism and Fascism

To appreciate that the various forms of fascism, particularly German National Socialism under Adolf Hitler’s Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP, National Socialist German Workers' Party commonly…

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Montage

As an aesthetic principle, montage, defined as the assemblage of disparate elements into a composite whole often by way of juxtaposition, is most often associated…

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Hikmet, Nâzım (1902–1963)

Nâzım Hikmet (Ran) (b.January 15, 1902, Thessaloniki–d.June 3, 1963, Moscow) was a Turkish poet, playwright, novelist, and screenwriter who spent nearly fifteen years of his…

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Malipiero, Gian-Francesco (1882–1973)

Gian-Francesco Malipiero was an Italian composer whose life spanned an expansive period of Italian history, from the post-Risorgimento years through two disastrous wars and into…

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Oppen, George (1908–1984)

George Oppen was an innovative poet associated with the Objectivist movement in American poetry. Early in his poetic career, he appeared in both the ‘Objectivist’…

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Warner, Sylvia Townsend (1893–1978)

Sylvia Townsend Warner was the author of novels, short stories, poetry, journalistic non-fiction, and literary criticism. Her works often inhabit settings at opposite ends of…

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Vatsyayan, Sachchidanananda (1911–1987)

Sachchidanananda Vatsyayan (1911–1987), better known as Agyeya, was one of the key figures of Hindi modernism. Though known primarily as a poet, he wrote two…

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Italian Neorealism

Italian Neorealism is a filmmaking movement associated with a select group of Italian filmmakers in the latter years of, and the years immediately following, World…

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Bourke-White, Magaret (1904–1971)

Margaret Bourke-White was an influential American photojournalist associated with Life Magazine. Bourke-White briefly studied at Columbia University under Photo-Secessionist Clarence White (1871–1925) before graduating from…

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Rossellini, Roberto (1906–1977)

Roberto Rossellini (Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini, Rome, May 8, 1906—June 3, 1977) was an Italian film director, screenwriter, and producer. His early work appeared at…

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Taller de Gráfica Popular

The TGP was founded in Mexico City in 1937 and although it is still in existence at present, it maintained its original form until the…

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Isherwood, Christopher (1904–1986)

Christopher Isherwood was a British American novelist, memoirist, and playwright best known for The Berlin Diaries, a fictionalized portrayal of his experiences with the urban…

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Zenkevich, Mikhail Aleksandrovich (1886–1973)

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Zenkevich was a Russian poet and author, one of the founders of Tsekh poetov [The Guild of Poets] and the Acmeist movement—a representative…

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Popular Front

An alliance of left-wing movements in France, the Popular Front (Front Populaire) won the May 1936 elections, leading to the first French government headed by…

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Broch, Hermann (1886–1951)

Hermann Broch is best known as a philosophically attuned novelist. Above all he is the author of two extraordinarily accomplished works of European modernist fiction:…

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Croce, Benedetto (1866–1952)

Benedetto Croce was an Italian philosopher of aesthetics and history, who cast a long shadow into the aesthetic and literary criticism of Modernism. Croce’s biography…

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Åkesson, Birgit Anna Ida (1908–2001)

Birgit Åkesson (b. March 24, 1908, Malmö, Sweden; d. March 24, 2001, Stockholm, Sweden) is considered one of Sweden’s foremost modern choreographers. In the late…

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Mussolini, Benito (1883–1945)

Known as Il Duce (the Leader), the son of a Marxist blacksmith, Benito Mussolini was the ruler of Fascist Italy (1922–43). A master of populist…

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Benda, Julien (1867–1956)

Julien Benda was a French writer, literary critic, and political thinker. An atypical figure in French literary history, Benda opposed most of the intellectual trends…

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Appalachian Spring

Appalachian Spring was choreographer Martha Graham’s final piece of Americana in her series of choreography that began with the solo Frontier in 1935 (music by…

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Bernanos, Georges (1888–1948)

Although still widely read in the 1950s, Bernanos has now become an out dated author, if not entirely forgotten. Though he had a very high…

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Picasso, Pablo (1881-1973)

Born in Malaga, it was in Barcelona that Picasso first identified himself as a subversive Modernist with a critical, contestatory and transgressive praxis exposing the…

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Collège de Sociologie

A discussion group of French intellectuals established in Paris in March 1937, the Collège de Sociologie lasted until late 1939.

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Gramsci, Antonio (1891–1937)

Antonio Gramsci is among the most influential political and cultural theorists of the twentieth century and one of the most important Marxists. Born in Sardinia,…