Modernism in Malayalam Literature
Although it is difficult to trace the beginnings of modernism in Malayalam literature to a single author or text, there is general agreement about its…
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Nsukka School
The Nsukka School, which is named after the University of Nigeria at Nsukka, was a group of artists and faculty members associated with the use…
Bluvshtain (Sela), Rachel (1890–1931)
Rachel Bluvshtain was the most salient and recognizable symbol of Labour Zionism in the 20th century and remains one of the most popular Hebrew poets…
Di Yunge
Di yunge is a group of American Symbolist Yiddish writers and critics that achieved prominence during the first two decades of the twentieth century and…
MacInnes, Colin (1914–1976)
Colin MacInnes was an English novelist, essayist, and radio broadcaster best known for his commentary on popular culture and his series of three novels set…
Ramaswamy, Sundara (1931–2005)
Sundara Ramaswamy spent his early boyhood in Kottayam, Kerala. After his family’s return to Nagercoil in 1939 he lived there until his death. Nagercoil is…
Mukařovský, Jan (1891–1975)
Czech linguist and literary theorist Jan Mukařovský was a leading member of the Prague Linguistic Circle and a prominent contributor to the project of structuralist…
Schmitt, Carl (1888–1985)
A conservative German jurist, political theorist, and Roman Catholic, Schmitt became the most significant legal mind of Weimar and then Nazi Germany. His first major…
Art Deco
Art Deco was the predominant decorative style in Europe and the United States between the World Wars, before spreading internationally and reaching its climax in…
Wang, Wenxing (王文興)(1939– )
Wang Wenxing is one of the most important fiction writers in the Chinese language in modern times. His experimentation with the Chinese language—pictography and syntax,…
Bryher (1894–1983)
Born in Margate, England, the illegitimate daughter of British multi-millionaire Sir John Ellerman, Bryher resisted gender and marriage conventions throughout her life. Best known as…
Vitalism
Vitalism is a philosophy of life that ascribes a vital principle or animating life-force to the processes of living organisms. Against the assertions of mechanistic…
Olympic Movement
At the close of the nineteenth century, French aristocrat Pierre de Coubertin (1863–1937) sought to revive the Olympics in an attempt to foster cultural diversity…
Dove, Arthur (1880–1946)
Arthur Dove (1880–1946) was a pioneer of abstraction and probably the first American to create purely non-representational paintings. His interest in natural forces, processes and…
Buckler, Ernest (1908–1984)
Ernest Buckler (1908–1984) was a walking paradox. Born in the bookless society of poor, rural Nova Scotia, he earned a BA in mathematics and philosophy…
Ikhlāṣī, Walīd [وليد اخلاصي] (1935–)
Walīd Ikhlāṣī has become known as one of Syria’s most productive dramatists and novelists. Since his first short story collection in 1963 he has produced…
Finch, Robert (1900–1995)
Canadian poet, editor, and critic Robert Finch was born on May 14, 1900 in Long Island, New York, but immigrated to Canada, adopting it as…
Berlewi, Henryk (1894–1967)
The Polish painter, graphic designer and art critic Henryk Berlewi was one of the outstanding figures of Polish Constructivism and the Yiddish Avant-Garde. As a…
New Culture Movement (China)
The New Culture Movement (Xīn Wénhuà Yùndòng 新文化运动) originated at Peking University during the 1910s. The movement’s ideologies were reflected in the phrase Old China…
Depero, Fortunato (1892–1960)
Fortunato Depero was an artist, illustrator, and stage designer who played a central role in developing the art of modern typography. Affiliated with the Italian…
São Paulo Biennial
The São Paulo Biennial was a daring enterprise modelled on the Venice Biennial that took place for the first time in 1951 in Brazil due…
Bendre, Dattatreya Ramachandra (D. R.) (1896–1981)
Datttreya Ramachandra Bendre is a prominent poet of the Kannada modernist school, Navodaya. He is one of the eight recipients from Karnataka of the Bharatiya…
Svevo, Italo (1861–1928)
Italo Svevo was born as Aron Ettore Schmitz in 1861 in Trieste, a city in the north-east of Italy that until 1919 was part of…
Gombrowicz, Witold (1904–1969)
Born into a wealthy landed family, Gombrowicz debuted in the avant-garde milieu of interwar Warsaw. In 1939, when the Germans invaded Poland, he was on…
Tagore, Rabindranath (1861–1940)
Rabindranath Tagore is India’s pre-eminent writer and was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, in 1913. He is best known for…