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Woodruff, Hale A. (1900–1980)
Hale A. Woodruff was an African American painter and educator associated with the Negro Renaissance and later with the New York Abstract Expressionists. Woodruff studied…
Bagul, Baburao (1930–2008)
A major inspiration to a younger generation of Marathi ‘Dalit’ authors, Baburao Bagul’s literary and critical writing is somewhat atypical of what subsequently became famous…
Vidas Secas (Barren Lives)
One of the most important films of Brazil’s Cinema Nôvo movement, Vidas Secas was directed by Nelson Pereira dos Santos, and based on the 1938…
Barnes, Djuna (1892–1982)
Djuna Barnes (1892–1982) was a significant U.S. American literary figure of Paris of the 1920s and 1930s, but became a recluse of New York’s Patchin…
The Great Depression
Beginning on New York’s Wall Street on October 29, 1929, which would come to be known as ‘Black Tuesday’, the Great Depression was the most…
Webb, Beatrice (1858–1943) and Sidney (1859–1947)
Beatrice and Sidney Webb were leading intellectual advocates of socialist reform in England. Beatrice Webb (née Potter) was born into a wealthy family, but her…
Schiaparelli, Elsa (1890–1973)
Elsa Luisa Maria Schiaparelli was an avant-garde fashion designer extremely influential in the 1930s. Born in Rome into a well-to-do family, an early mésalliance with…
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution is considered one of the first social upheavals of the twentieth century. The military phase of the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920) started in…
Frame, Janet (1924–2004)
Janet Frame was a celebrated New Zealand author with a prolific literary career and a dramatic personal history. Mirroring Frame’s own life, her writing frequently…
Artists’ Front of Thailand, The
The Artists’ Front of Thailand (AFT) formed in 1974, immediately following the violent political events of October 1973. The group came together for the purpose…
Rosenberg, Isaac (1890–1918)
An important but underappreciated British poet of the First World War, Isaac Rosenberg made a significant contribution to the literature that came out of the…
Garner, Hugh (1913–1979)
Hugh Garner was a British-Canadian writer, journalist, and editor. His fictional writings reflect on the experiences of marginalized individuals, echoing his own early experiences of…
Kim, Soo-yong (September 23, 1929--)
Trained as a filmmaker during the Korean War, Kim Soo-yong debuted in 1958 amid the South Korean film industry’s postwar recovery and became one of…
Modernism in Kannada Literature
Modernism, known in Kannada as ‘Navya’, emerged as a literary movement in the 1950s. This period saw writers deliberately moving away from the Romanticism of…
Mikio, Naruse (1905–1969)
Naruse Mikio was a popular and critically renowned Japanese film director who was active from the early 1930s to the mid-1960s. He completed eighty-nine films,…
Yi Chung-sŏp (1916–1956)
Yi Chung-sŏp was a modern Korean painter known for his expressionist style. Yi’s painting was strongly influenced by the brushwork of Korean painting and calligraphy…
Jacobson, Dan (1929–2014)
Dan Jacobson was a South African novelist, short story writer, essayist, critic, and translator who spent most of his adult life and the more productive…
Jacob, Max (1876–1944)
The poet and painter Max Jacob was a major figure in the Parisian artistic movements of the early twentieth century. With his friends Guillaume Apollinaire…
The Bicycle Thief (1948)
Ladri di biciclette (The Bicycle Thief, 1948) is a neorealist film by Vittorio De Sica, considered modern and revolutionary because it radically broke with pre-World…
Black God, White Devil (1964)
Black God, White Devil is a 1964 film directed by Brazilian auteur Glauber Rocha. Shot on location in the Brazilian sertão, it launched the cinema…
Shelem Yankev Abramovitsh 1835–1917
Above, Shelem Yankev Abramovitsh (1835–1917), commonly known by his literary persona Mendele Moykher-Sforim (Mendele the Book Peddler), is considered to be the founding father of…
Molodowsky, Kadya (1894–1975)
Known as ‘the first lady of Yiddish literature,’ Kadya Molodowsky published continuously between 1927 and 1974. Molodowsky earned renown as a prolific poet, prose writer,…
O’Casey, Sean (1880–1964)
Born into Dublin tenement life in 1880, Sean O’Casey (originally John O’Casey) went on to become one of Ireland’s most important playwrights, best known for…
Eugenics
Eugenics is the attempt to improve human traits through intervention in genetic lines, generally for the stated purpose of increasing the proportion of so-called positive…