Intellectual Currents
This section focusses on the historical, sociological, philosophical, economic, political, and scientific context of modernism. Entries cover individuals, coteries, movements, and events. The primary criterion…
Search Results 1 - 25 of 25
Strike (Sergei Eisenstein, 1925)
The first feature film of legendary Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein, Strike, is an anatomy of the germination of collective action, its surveillance within modern networks…
Varma, Raja Ravi (1848–1906)
Raja Ravi Varma transformed the way Indian gods and goddesses were pictured, and he did so with oil painting—a new import in 19th-century India. By…
Verma, Nirmal (1929–2005)
Nirmal Verma was among the most prominent and distinguished Hindi novelists, essayists, and short story writers of the second half of the 20th century. Though…
Naita, Maria (1968--)
Known for her prolific and consistent career, Maria Naita has distinguished herself as not only a major player in Uganda’s sculpture scene, but also as…
Duchanee, Thawan (1939–2014)
Thawan Duchanee, awarded National Artist in 2001 by the Office of the National Culture Commission of Thailand, is one of the best-known artists in Thailand,…
Nortje, Arthur Kenneth (1942–1970)
From the University of the Western Cape, Arthur Nortje left for Jesus College, Oxford, to which he returned after teaching for two years in Canada.…
O’Keeffe, Georgia (1887–1986)
Georgia O’Keeffe was one of the most important American and women artists of the twentieth century and a leading early abstract painter. She is most…
Marc, Franz (1880–1916)
Franz Marc was born in Munich, Germany in 1880 and died in the battle of Verdun in 1916, one of many of the Great War’s…
Yvor Winters (1900–1968)
Arthur Yvor Winters was an iconoclast who valued tradition; a poetic experimentalist who became increasingly committed to inherited poetic forms; a critic committed to rationality…
Bacon, Francis (1909–1992)
British painter Francis Bacon was one of the most important figures of international post-war modernism. During the 1940s and 1950s, he developed a characteristic painting…
Freud, Lucian (1922–2011)
Lucian Freud was a British painter and draughtsman whose work is characterized by his intense figure studies and muted palette. Born in Berlin on 8…
Lachenmann, Helmut (Friedrich) (1935--)
One of the most influential composers to emerge from Germany following the post-war avant-garde movement, Helmut Lachenmann has remained committed to the legacy of integral…
Gumilev, Nikolai (ГУМИЛЕВ, НИКОЛАЙ) (1886–1921)
Nikolai Gumilev was a Russian writer known for his poetry, translations, and literary criticism. He is also remembered as the founder of the Acmeist movement,…
Modern Dance and Education in the United States
The history of dance instruction in educational settings in the United States dates back to the early twentieth century. A number of female physical education…
Nery, Ismael (1900–1934)
Ismael Nery (b. 1900, Belém do Pará, Brazil; d. 1934, Rio de Janeiro) was the mystical artist of Brazilian modernism. For him, art was a…
Åkesson, Birgit Anna Ida (1908–2001)
Birgit Åkesson (b. March 24, 1908, Malmö, Sweden; d. March 24, 2001, Stockholm, Sweden) is considered one of Sweden’s foremost modern choreographers. In the late…
Hore, Somnath (1921–2006)
Born at the beginning of the 1920s, and acquiring academic training during the mid 1940s, Somnath Hore represents a generation of artists in Bengal, India,…
Cambridge Ritualists, The
The Cambridge Ritualists, also known as the Cambridge Group of Classical Anthropologists, were a closely knit group of four classicists—Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928), Francis M.…
Nnaggenda, Francis (1936--)
From an early age, Francis Nnaggenda knew he wanted to be an artist. Born in 1936, Nnaggenda was raised in rural Uganda where he became…
De Casseres, Benjamin (1873–1945)
Benjamin De Casseres was an American poet, literary and cultural critic, and satirist whose career spanned four decades and two countries. Born in Philadelphia on…
Holm, Hanya (1893–1992)
Hanya Holm, dancer, choreographer, and teacher, is widely considered one of the pioneers of American modern dance, and was one of the most influential figures…
Jarvis, Judy (1942–1986)
Judy Jarvis, a choreographer, dancer, and teacher, was a significant figure within the Canadian modern dance community. Following early dance studies in Toronto, she spent…
Mendes, Gilberto (1922–2016)
Gilberto Ambrósio Garcia Mendes was born in Santos (São Paulo state), on 13 October 1922. Despite his unorthodox musical career — he did not start…
Horton, Lester (1906–1953)
Lester Horton, regarded as one of the founders of American modern dance, worked outside the established center of New York City, establishing a permanent dance…