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Dung, Kai-Cheung (1967–)

One of Hong Kong’s most celebrated authors, Dung Kai-Cheung is known for his intricately metatextual works. Inspired by European modernist writers such as Marcel Proust…

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Overview

Symbolism Overview

Symbolism is a late-nineteenth-century literary movement centred mostly around the work of poets such as Stéphane Mallarmé, Arthur Rimbaud, Paul Verlaine, Philippe Villiers de L’Isle-Adam,…

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Salinas, Pedro (1891–1951)

Pedro Salinas was a poet, essayist, and playwright. Known as the poet of love of the Generation of ’27, and as the senior member of…

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Flaubert, Gustave (1821–1880)

A primary innovator of the modern novel, French writer Gustave Flaubert was one of the most influential literary artists of the nineteenth century. Primarily associated…

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Waugh, Evelyn (1903–1966)

Evelyn Waugh (1903–66) is not usually regarded as a modernist writer, but his works reveal a productive ambivalence towards Modernism. In Decline and Fall (1928),…

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Buckler, Ernest (1908–1984)

Ernest Buckler (1908–1984) was a walking paradox. Born in the bookless society of poor, rural Nova Scotia, he earned a BA in mathematics and philosophy…

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Richardson, Dorothy (1873–1957)

Dorothy Richardson (17 May 1873–17 June 1957) was an English writer who pioneered experimental modernist prose. Her major work was Pilgrimage, a thirteen-volume narrative. The…

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Bell, (Arthur) Clive Heward (1881–1964)

Clive Bell was an English art and cultural critic associated with the Bloomsbury Group. He is best known for the concept of “significant form,” which…

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Stream of Consciousness

The term ‘stream of consciousness’ was first coined by psychologist William James in The Principles of Psychology in 1893, when he describes it thusly: “consciousness…

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Wilson, Edmund (1895–1972)

American literary critic, editor, playwright, novelist and journalist Edmund Wilson’s key critical texts trace the development of twentieth-century Anglo-American writing. Wilson’s Axel’s Castle: A Study…

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Gunn, Neil M. (1891–1973)

Neil M. Gunn was one of the writers who responded to Hugh MacDiarmid’s (1892–1978) appeal for supporters in his ambitious post-1918 aim to revitalize Scottish…

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The Great Depression

Beginning on New York’s Wall Street on October 29, 1929, which would come to be known as ‘Black Tuesday’, the Great Depression was the most…

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Proust, Marcel (1871–1922)

Proust was a French novelist and essayist known for his masterpiece À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time), published in seven…

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Grassic Gibbon, Lewis (1901–1935)

Lewis Grassic Gibbon, a pseudonym for James Leslie Mitchell, was a key writer of the early 20th-century Scottish Renaissance, most famous for his trilogy A…

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Einstein, Albert (1879–1955)

Born in Ulm, Württemberg (now Germany), Einstein was a theoretical physicist who initiated a scientific revolution with his theory of general relativity. Challenging classical mechanics…

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The Introspectivists

The Introspectivists (Inzikhistn), the first group of modernist Yiddish poets in America, were part of the Jewish American Renaissance and flourished in the years following…

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Tudor, Antony (1908–1987)

Born into a modest household in London’s East End, Antony Tudor changed the way we look at ballet and what it was thought to express.…

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MacDiarmid, Hugh (1892–1978)

Hugh MacDiarmid was the pseudonym of Christopher Murray Grieve, the pre-eminent Scottish modernist poet, and leading proponent of the interwar “Scottish Literary Renaissance.” His best-known…

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Mallarmé, Stéphane (Étienne) (1842–1898)

Along with Arthur Rimbaud and Paul Verlaine, Stéphane Mallarmé is a preeminent poet of the latter part of the nineteenth century, notably as the head…

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Roditi, Edouard (1910-1992)

In his unpublished autobiography, Edouard Roditi describes his life in terms of a triple curse of being Jewish, epileptic, and homosexual. Perhaps a fourth quality…