Zionism is the umbrella term used to describe the various strains of Jewish nationalism that grew out of other 19th-century nationalist ideologies and movements. Zionist thought owes its genesis to several converging intellectual and political factors in the late modern period: the assimilation and urbanization of many European Jews during the Haskalah [the Jewish Enlightenment], which began in the 1770s; the French Revolution and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789), followed by the Napoleonic emancipation of the Jews (1806); the age of European imperialism; and, significantly, the resurgence of violent anti-Semitism in Europe in the latter half of the 19th century. Unabashedly secular in nature at the outset, Zionism as an ideology sought to correct what Joseph Stalin later infamously said the Jews lacked in order to be a coherent nation: a common language, territory, economy, and psycho-social make-up.