Modigliani, Amedeo Clemente (1884–1920)
Defying categorization, the Italian draughtsman, painter, and sculptor Amedeo Modigliani is a key representative of the School of Paris. Active in France from 1906 until…
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Fujita, Tsuguharu (藤田嗣治) (1886–1968)
Fujita Tsuguharu was a Japanese oil painter who spent most of his career in France. He is known in the West for female nudes and…
Douglas, Aaron (1899–1979)
Aaron Douglas was an African American artist and educator often referred to as the father of “Black Art.” He was a leading figure of the…
Cocteau, Jean (1889–1963)
Jean Cocteau (Jean Maurice Eugène Clément Cocteau) was an influential, prolific, multi-talented French artist, writer, critic and filmmaker. He wrote poetry, plays, libretti for ballets,…
Salmon, André (1881–1969)
French poet and art critic. Associated with Guillaume Apollinaire and Max Jacob, he also developed a long-lasting friendship with Pablo Picasso. His first literary endeavour…
Fengmian, Lin [林風眠] (1900–1991)
Lin Fengmian was a twentieth-century Chinese artist who introduced Western modernism into the Chinese art scene through both his painting practice and teaching activities. In…
Laurencin, Marie (1883–1956)
Marie Laurencin was a painter, etcher, lithographer, illustrator, and decorative artist of the Parisian avant-garde in the early twentieth century. She is most widely known…
Brâncuși, Constantin (1876–1957)
Constantin Brâncuși is one of the great masters of modern and contemporary art. The influence of his work can be felt across both the avant-garde…
Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri (1891–1915)
Born in St Jean-de-Braye, France, Henri Gaudier-Brzeska had a catalytic effect on the development of modernist sculpture in Britain. In 1911 he moved to London,…
Athenaeum, The [REVISED AND EXPANDED]
The Athenaeum, ‘A Journal of Literature, Science, and the Arts’, was published weekly in London between 1828 and 1921. John Middleton Murry was its final…
Akhmatova, Anna (1889–1966)
Anna Akhmatova was one of Russia’s most famous poets and arguably its most famous woman poet. During her formative years, she belonged to a literary…