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Luxemburg, Rosa (1871–1919) By Gammel, Irene
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Also known as ‘Red Rosa’, Rosa Luxemburg was a writer, philosopher, feminist, and labour activist who fuelled the socialist movement in Weimar Germany. For modernists such as Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956), who dedicated the activist song ‘Up, up, let’s fight’ to her, she was an iconic revolutionary. Born in Polish Russia of Jewish descent, Luxemburg was multilingual and well-educated, representing an international, rather than a nationalist outlook.